Match.



mi -2 g ms/Q EZEQ J. A. E. ORIS WELL.

MATCH. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 16, 1905.

988,246. v Patentqd Ma17.28, 191 1.

- .UNITED STATES.

JAMES A. EKIN onIswELL, or WNEWVYORK, N. v

PATENT O FICE.

Maren.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES A. EKIN CRIS? WELL, of New York, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in l\'latches, of which the following is a full, clear, and

exact description.

Tl'llS invention relates 'to matches,-and' more'particularly to matches having composite stems or splints.

.The primary object of the invention is 'to provide matches made wholly or in part of cheap material, or material that ordi-.

narily goes to waste; which are stronger and less llable to break and more uniform in quality than the usual wood match-made from blocks or wood veneer and which will burn-longer than the usual wood match.

A further object of the invention is to provide a. match that is better and more cheaply made thanthe usual form of match,

and which may be made of material readily found in almost. any locality andcountry, thereby under the methods in ordinary practice without transporting the materials often very long distances.

With these and other objects in view the invention will be hereinafter more particu- 'larly described with reference to the ac-" companying drawings,.which form a part of this specification, and will then be pointed out in the claim at the end of the dc-' scription.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an enlarged general perspective view of one form of' match embodying my invention. Fig. Q-is a transverse section on a still larger scale. Figs. 3 to6 show other ways of inclosing the inner core with an outer casing or cover; and 7 to 12 show in cross-section other forms of matches.

While I shall refer particularly to certain materials and combination of materials 4 paper pulp made from rags, straw or othervegetable fiber or waste which is converted Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed Janu r -1e, 1905. Serial no. 241,234.

ermitting' matches to be made where it is practically impossible to dO" SO '.into a hot liquid mass in a mechanical stlrrer or by other suitable means; Twentyfive parts of the pulp are mixed in a heater with six" parts of broken or groundpeanut shells, wood pulp or other suitable vege- Pat'ented Mar. 28, 1911.-

table matter. The mixing" is done while maintaininga high heat, and to thismixture may be added one to two parts of glue or gum-tragacanth, the mixing being continned until a. thick mass is obtained.v This mass may be formed into small-rods by forcing the material from a cylinder or other device through small apertures. or nozzles. Either before or after the rods are dry they are provided with an outer-covering or casmg of paper 21, which serves to prevent d1s1ntegrat1on-of the inner body or core, a

each thereby serving to strengthen theother and thus' provide. a strong and substantial stem or splint. i The s lints may be paraf fined andv provided with an ignitingliead 22 in the usual or in any referred way,-

and the materials or the ent re splints may be impregnated with the usual chemicals when necessary or desirable to prevent glowing after the flame has been blown'out.

In the manufacture of the matches the splints may be made in one machine, and the matches completed in another, or the en:

'85 the process may be carried out continue ously where the materials constituting the matches. are of sucha character as to per mitthis. When the inner body is of a plastic or semi-plastic nature it may be forced through small apertures from a cylinder in which works a reciprocating piston or a rotary spiral or other device which gradually forces the material through said apertures. ,The 'paper for the casing is fed from reels either in the shape of a web or ribbon and is caused to be formed around the small rods of material. The splints may then be out off the proper lengths and when necessary dried; or they may be dried or otherwise treated, cut, and then transferred to a carrier in substantially the same manner as disclosed in one or more of my Patents Nos. 716,809 to 716,829, dated December 22, 1902. The carrier then takes the matches and heads them 'in the usual match heads are dry they are ejected and then boxed. A Instead of the cover or casing 21 being folded lengthwise ,ofthe core 20 as in Fig. 1, the 'cover may be in the form of a ribbon .'or in any preferred manner arid after the I overlap.

wood pulp, a carbonaceous paper-making pulp, '20

.in Fig. 7, triangular as in the means employed for.

products as cotton seed 'bined 'as a whole or in part wound around the core as which is spirally in Figs. 3 and 4:, or instead of being in a single strip, the casing ma be in two mar row strips of paper folded engthwise of they core as inFigs. 5 and 6. The cover may be of paper or other inflammable material, and

The inner body orcore ma be made of so stance, peat, plaster of Paris, crushed vegetable matter, grain products as flour, nut shells, wood pulp, woody fiber, seed refuse, long fibrous vegetable matter as-disintegrated, shredded 'or crushed wood, and asuitable binder, com} proportion, and provided with a cover of paper or other material if desired.

Long fibrous materials may be'used in the manufacture of matches accordin to my invention,

straw, shrubs, excelsior, shavings" of wood,

- cornstalks, -marsh weed, seaweed, plants,

straw, grass,

' miay be mechanically an vegetables, fruits, ve etable matter of various kinds, as from distilleries, cotton, cactus fiber, slivers, disintegrated ,fibrous or stringy vegetable material, dry peat, rub- .bish, soil, soil loam, paper, scraps, moss,

leaves, twigs, barks of trees, bagasse, stalks,

flowers, seeds of sunflowers or their pulp,

turf, asbestos fiber', and others. These or any of them ma 'betreated chemicallyor bined with any suitable binding substances, or'any of the materials already mentioned.

According to, one method I use weeds,

twigs, or other fibrous material named, and instead of reducing them to a pulp or pulpy condition, I tear them into shreds by a suitable picking or other; ma-' chine for that purpose.- The shredded ma terial is then passed through a bath of rosin or resinous oil or other binding material combined .or not with the rosin, and to this added in suitable quantities any of the materials mentioned. The fibrous material maybe arranged in the form of a layer or web splints or rods'which may be cut oil the proper lengths to form match splints and the splints are then taken and the matches completed as already described or in'any preferred way. In some cases when the body is made .be p ye rials herein specified in any suitable some of which are weeds, grass,

any of them may be com be added singly or combinations su and then passed between corrugated or ribbed rollers to form long of long fibrous -n1aterial, I. may or may not place a 'covermg of paper BESTAVAILABLE COPY or other inflammable body on the outside 9 depending on the case the tubular with if desired,

of each splint as in Fig. materials used, and in' any covering may be dispensed as in Fig. 10.,

According grasses, straw,- any of those growth, many of boiling in water or by are softened, but' not necessarily reduced t a pu-lpy-state.

to another method I take disintegrated wood fiber or fibrous materials of annual which go to waste or other fibrous material and subject them to heat by steam until the fibers If desired lime-water may facilitate the cooking as. in 'the manufacture of strawboard' The fiber thus treated may be mixed 'or combined with a suitable binding material, or other mate,

andfthen 'formed into matches. straw, sawdust, shav ngs, paper or their equivalents Imay take; or any-suit;

able vegetable substances and thoroughly digest them in acids to make a vegetabl I may take ten parts pulp. Of. this pulp peat ormoss one part, asbestos fiber ong andon'e-h'alf parts, and to this is added suitable binder. These materials may combinedin different proportions and ma be added to others, or any of those prev be combined wit ously. mentionedimay those just referred to in suitable quantitie In Fig. 11is shown an inner core of woo paper or, other material 22, around or each side of which is a material 23 ofa pl: 'ticor semi-plastic naturewhen appliedl the materialy22 and anouter coatin or c ing. of paper 24, wood pulp or (it er In terial. The material 22 may be in the 0 of sheets or a web and on each side ther is formed ala er of plastic or semirplas: material, .whic lattermay be compres or formed into the desired shape as t match splints are made. In Fig. 121 outer covering. is dispensed with. If desired a paper or other covering n be fixed direct to an inner core or w( strips or woody material, or the inclosj casing may be a thin ribbon or'strip of; neer having an inner core of the mater mentioned; or if desired I may form a of cotton or like material and combine r it other material such as those mentioi and form them into splint rods and inc the splints or not as already explained. materials or any of them may be chemic treatedand to any of the combinations tars-erasure:-

the making of the matches, I may add paraifin, crude petroleum or other oils; and I may add sulfur, rosin,'saltpeter, and other materials independentl or mixed with others when it is desirab e to make thematch It is desirable sometimes to color the materials either in whole or in art, and this may be done by the use of anilin or other coloring material; and where the match stems advertising matter may be placed on each match.

Itwill be seen from the foregoing that 1 matches; that cheap and inexpensive materials maybe used so that matches may be made readily in those countries or localities Where there is a scarcity of wood; and that in using the materials herein referred to a strong, effective and neat looking match is produced, with little or no waste.

It has not been attempted to give the vari ous combinations of materials or their proportions as these may vary; nor has it been attempted to set forth thevarious methods or apparatus for the manufacture of the matches, as these will form subject matter for other applications.

By the term paper as applied to the i outer cover or casingit is understood that it is used in its broadest sense;.and it is further understood that the matches may be in the form of match cards, or in any other suitable form.

have a covering of paper or like material,

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new ond desire-to secure by Letters Patent, is

A. match splint comprising a tube of relatively strong paper stock, ada ted to secure the necessary stifi'ness, and a lling of relatively weak paper stock.

JAMES A. EKIN CRISWELL.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM FosTER,

M. TURNER. 

